class Base {
    virtual void someVirtualFunction() {}
};

class Derived : public Base {};

int main() {
    Base* basePtr = new Derived();
    Derived* derivedPtr = dynamic_cast<Derived*>(basePtr);
    if (derivedPtr!= nullptr) {
        // 轉換成功，可以安全地使用derivedPtr指向的對象
    } else {
        // 轉換失敗，說明basePtr實際指向的不是Derived類型的對象
    }
    return 0;
}

int main() {
    Base baseObj = Derived();
    try {
        Derived& derivedRef = dynamic_cast<Derived&>(baseObj);
        // 轉換成功，可以安全地使用derivedRef引用的對象
    } catch (std::bad_cast& e) {
        // 轉換失敗，捕獲std::bad_cast異常
        std::cerr << "Dynamic cast failed: " << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}