邏輯代碼部分借鑒木野狐博客中的代碼，參考http://www.rzrgm.cn/RChen/archive/2005/07/07/188107.html，之后我會加入自己的設計調整。
一些必要的枚舉：
public enum GameStatus
{
NotStarted,
Playing,
Win,
Lose
}
public enum MineCellStatus : short
{
Covered,
MarkDoubt,
MarkMine,
Uncovered,
Exploded
}
public struct MineCell
{
public MineCellStatus Status;
public bool IsMine;
public byte NearbyMines;
}
將MineCell聲明為struct或class代表了兩種不同的設計策略，簡單起見，先使用struct。
邏輯代碼如下：
namespace xingd.Minesweeper
{
public class MineBoard
{
private MineCell[,] cells = new MineCell[0, 0];
private int totalMines;
private int makedMines;
private GameStatus status;
public int Columns { get { return cells.GetLength(1); } }
public int Rows { get { return cells.GetLength(0); } }
public int TotalMines { get { return totalMines; } }
public int MarkedMines { get { return makedMines; } }
public GameStatus Status { get { return status; } }
public MineCell this[int row, int col] { get { return cells[row, col]; } }
public void Init(int rows, int columns, int mines)
{
if (rows <= 0 || columns <= 0 || mines >= columns * rows)
{
throw new ArgumentException();
}
cells = new MineCell[rows, columns];
totalMines = mines;
makedMines = 0;
status = GameStatus.NotStarted;
PlaceRandomMines();
UpdateNearbyMinesCount();
}
public void Uncover(int row, int col)
{
if (!IsValidCell(row, col))
return;
if (status == GameStatus.NotStarted)
{
status = GameStatus.Playing;
}
MineCell cell = cells[row, col];
if (cell.Status != MineCellStatus.Covered)
return;
if (cell.IsMine)
{
cells[row, col].Status = MineCellStatus.Exploded;
this.status = GameStatus.Lose;
return;
}
else
{
cells[row, col].Status = MineCellStatus.Uncovered;
}
// 如果周圍雷數是 0， 那么順便把周圍的 8 個位置都翻開
if (!cell.IsMine && cell.NearbyMines == 0)
{
for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++)
Uncover(row + moves[i, 0], col + moves[i, 1]);
}
}
/**/
/// <summary>
/// 設定或取消標志, 相當于鼠標右鍵單擊的行為
/// </summary>
/// <param name="row"></param>
/// <param name="col"></param>
public void ChangeMark(int row, int col)
{
if (!IsValidCell(row, col))
return;
if (status == GameStatus.NotStarted)
{
status = GameStatus.Playing;
}
MineCell cell = cells[row, col];
// 輪換幾種標志
switch (cell.Status)
{
case MineCellStatus.Covered:
cell.Status = MineCellStatus.MarkMine;
makedMines++;
break;
case MineCellStatus.MarkMine:
cell.Status = MineCellStatus.MarkDoubt;
break;
case MineCellStatus.MarkDoubt:
makedMines--;
cell.Status = MineCellStatus.Covered;
break;
default:
break;
}
cells[row, col] = cell;
}
/// <summary>
/// 鼠標左右鍵同時按下行為
/// </summary>
/// <param name="row"></param>
/// <param name="col"></param>
public void UncoverNearBy(int row, int col)
{
MineCell cell = cells[row, col];
if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.Uncovered && cell.NearbyMines > 0)
{
byte minesFound = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++)
{
int r = row + moves[i, 0];
int c = col + moves[i, 1];
if (IsValidCell(r, c) && cells[r, c].Status == MineCellStatus.MarkMine)
minesFound++;
}
if (minesFound == cell.NearbyMines)
{
for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++)
{
int r = row + moves[i, 0];
int c = col + moves[i, 1];
Uncover(r, c);
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 檢驗游戲結果
/// </summary>
public void CheckGameResult()
{
if (makedMines == totalMines)
{
for (int i = 0; i < Rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < Columns; j++)
{
if (cells[i, j].Status == MineCellStatus.Covered)
{
return;
}
}
}
status = GameStatus.Win;
}
}
private void PlaceRandomMines()
{
int count = 0;
Random r = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks);
while (count < totalMines)
{
int row = r.Next(0, Rows);
int col = r.Next(0, Columns);
if (!cells[row, col].IsMine)
{
cells[row, col].IsMine = true;
count++;
}
}
}
private bool IsValidCell(int row, int col)
{
return (row >= 0 && col >= 0 && row < Rows && col < Columns);
}
/**/
/// <summary>
/// 從一個格子出發向四周的可能的位移
/// </summary>
private int[,] moves = new int[8, 2] { { -1, -1 }, { -1, 0 }, { -1, 1 }, { 0, -1 }, { 0, 1 }, { 1, -1 }, { 1, 0 }, { 1, 1 } };
private byte GetNearbyMines(int row, int col)
{
byte minesFound = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++)
{
int r = row + moves[i, 0];
int c = col + moves[i, 1];
if (IsValidCell(r, c) && cells[r, c].IsMine)
minesFound++;
}
return minesFound;
}
private void UpdateNearbyMinesCount()
{
for (int i = 0; i < Rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < Columns; j++)
{
cells[i, j].NearbyMines = GetNearbyMines(i, j);
}
}
}
}
}
窗口代碼如下：
namespace xingd.Minesweeper
{
public partial class MineForm : Form
{
private MineBoard board = new MineBoard();
private MouseButtons lastClickButton = MouseButtons.None;
private long lastClickTicks = 0;
private const int CellSize = 16;
private const long ShortPeriod = 2000000L;
private static readonly Rectangle CellRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, CellSize, CellSize);
public MineForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
SetStyle(ControlStyles.ResizeRedraw | ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true);
}
protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnLoad(e);
Init(9, 9, 10);
}
public void Init(int rows, int columns, int mines)
{
board.Init(rows, columns, mines);
ClientSize = new Size(columns * CellSize + 1, rows * CellSize + mainMenu.Height + 1);
Invalidate();
}
protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
{
base.OnPaint(e);
Graphics g = e.Graphics;
for (int i = 0; i < board.Rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < board.Columns; j++)
{
g.ResetTransform();
g.TranslateTransform(j * 16, i * 16 + mainMenu.Height);
DrawCell(g, board[i, j]);
}
}
}
private void DrawCell(Graphics g, MineCell cell)
{
Rectangle rt = CellRectangle;
StringFormat sf = new StringFormat();
sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
sf.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;
if (cell.IsMine && board.Status == GameStatus.Lose)
{
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt);
g.DrawString("@", Font, cell.Status == MineCellStatus.Exploded ? Brushes.Red : Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf);
}
else
{
if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.Covered)
{
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt);
}
else if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.MarkMine)
{
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt);
g.DrawString("#", Font, Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf);
}
else if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.MarkDoubt)
{
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt);
g.DrawString("?", Font, Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf);
}
else
{
if (cell.NearbyMines > 0)
{
g.DrawString(cell.NearbyMines.ToString(), Font, Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf);
}
}
}
g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, rt);
sf.Dispose();
}
protected override void OnMouseClick(MouseEventArgs e)
{
base.OnMouseClick(e);
if (board.Status != GameStatus.Playing && board.Status != GameStatus.NotStarted)
return;
int row, col;
HitTest(e.Location, out row, out col);
if (DateTime.Now.Ticks - lastClickTicks < ShortPeriod && ((lastClickButton | e.Button) == (MouseButtons.Left | MouseButtons.Right)))
{
board.UncoverNearBy(row, col);
}
if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
{
board.Uncover(row, col);
}
else if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right)
{
board.ChangeMark(row, col);
}
board.CheckGameResult();
if (board.Status == GameStatus.Win)
{
MessageBox.Show("You Win!");
}
Invalidate();
}
protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
{
base.OnMouseDown(e);
if (DateTime.Now.Ticks - lastClickTicks < ShortPeriod)
{
lastClickButton |= e.Button;
}
else
{
lastClickButton = e.Button;
lastClickTicks = DateTime.Now.Ticks;
}
}
private void HitTest(Point pt, out int row, out int col)
{
col = pt.X / CellSize;
row = (pt.Y - mainMenu.Height) / CellSize;
}
private void menuItemExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Close();
}
private void menuItemNew_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Init(9, 9, 10);
}
}
}
非常簡單，不過已經可以玩了，系列稍后的文章會對功能進行改進。
項目文件下載。
更正一：在MouseClick中，先Invalidate，再處理取勝判斷，用戶體驗要好一些。
一些必要的枚舉：
public enum GameStatus{
NotStarted, Playing, Win, Lose}public enum MineCellStatus : short{ Covered, MarkDoubt, MarkMine, Uncovered, Exploded}public struct MineCell{ public MineCellStatus Status; public bool IsMine; public byte NearbyMines;}將MineCell聲明為struct或class代表了兩種不同的設計策略，簡單起見，先使用struct。
邏輯代碼如下：
namespace xingd.Minesweeper{ public class MineBoard {
private MineCell[,] cells = new MineCell[0, 0]; private int totalMines; private int makedMines; private GameStatus status; public int Columns { get { return cells.GetLength(1); } } public int Rows { get { return cells.GetLength(0); } } public int TotalMines { get { return totalMines; } } public int MarkedMines { get { return makedMines; } } public GameStatus Status { get { return status; } } public MineCell this[int row, int col] { get { return cells[row, col]; } } public void Init(int rows, int columns, int mines) { if (rows <= 0 || columns <= 0 || mines >= columns * rows) { throw new ArgumentException(); } cells = new MineCell[rows, columns]; totalMines = mines; makedMines = 0; status = GameStatus.NotStarted; PlaceRandomMines(); UpdateNearbyMinesCount(); } public void Uncover(int row, int col) { if (!IsValidCell(row, col)) return; if (status == GameStatus.NotStarted) { status = GameStatus.Playing; } MineCell cell = cells[row, col]; if (cell.Status != MineCellStatus.Covered) return; if (cell.IsMine) { cells[row, col].Status = MineCellStatus.Exploded; this.status = GameStatus.Lose; return; } else { cells[row, col].Status = MineCellStatus.Uncovered; } // 如果周圍雷數是 0， 那么順便把周圍的 8 個位置都翻開 if (!cell.IsMine && cell.NearbyMines == 0) { for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++) Uncover(row + moves[i, 0], col + moves[i, 1]); } } /**/ /// <summary> /// 設定或取消標志, 相當于鼠標右鍵單擊的行為 /// </summary> /// <param name="row"></param> /// <param name="col"></param> public void ChangeMark(int row, int col) { if (!IsValidCell(row, col)) return; if (status == GameStatus.NotStarted) { status = GameStatus.Playing; } MineCell cell = cells[row, col]; // 輪換幾種標志 switch (cell.Status) { case MineCellStatus.Covered: cell.Status = MineCellStatus.MarkMine; makedMines++; break; case MineCellStatus.MarkMine: cell.Status = MineCellStatus.MarkDoubt; break; case MineCellStatus.MarkDoubt: makedMines--; cell.Status = MineCellStatus.Covered; break; default: break; } cells[row, col] = cell; } /// <summary> /// 鼠標左右鍵同時按下行為 /// </summary> /// <param name="row"></param> /// <param name="col"></param> public void UncoverNearBy(int row, int col) { MineCell cell = cells[row, col]; if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.Uncovered && cell.NearbyMines > 0) { byte minesFound = 0; for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++) { int r = row + moves[i, 0]; int c = col + moves[i, 1]; if (IsValidCell(r, c) && cells[r, c].Status == MineCellStatus.MarkMine) minesFound++; } if (minesFound == cell.NearbyMines) { for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++) { int r = row + moves[i, 0]; int c = col + moves[i, 1]; Uncover(r, c); } } } } /// <summary> /// 檢驗游戲結果 /// </summary> public void CheckGameResult() { if (makedMines == totalMines) { for (int i = 0; i < Rows; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < Columns; j++) { if (cells[i, j].Status == MineCellStatus.Covered) { return; } } } status = GameStatus.Win; } } private void PlaceRandomMines() { int count = 0; Random r = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks); while (count < totalMines) { int row = r.Next(0, Rows); int col = r.Next(0, Columns); if (!cells[row, col].IsMine) { cells[row, col].IsMine = true; count++; } } } private bool IsValidCell(int row, int col) { return (row >= 0 && col >= 0 && row < Rows && col < Columns); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 從一個格子出發向四周的可能的位移 /// </summary> private int[,] moves = new int[8, 2] { { -1, -1 }, { -1, 0 }, { -1, 1 }, { 0, -1 }, { 0, 1 }, { 1, -1 }, { 1, 0 }, { 1, 1 } }; private byte GetNearbyMines(int row, int col) { byte minesFound = 0; for (int i = 0; i < moves.GetLength(0); i++) { int r = row + moves[i, 0]; int c = col + moves[i, 1]; if (IsValidCell(r, c) && cells[r, c].IsMine) minesFound++; } return minesFound; } private void UpdateNearbyMinesCount() { for (int i = 0; i < Rows; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < Columns; j++) { cells[i, j].NearbyMines = GetNearbyMines(i, j); } } } }}窗口代碼如下：
namespace xingd.Minesweeper{ public partial class MineForm : Form { private MineBoard board = new MineBoard(); private MouseButtons lastClickButton = MouseButtons.None; private long lastClickTicks = 0; private const int CellSize = 16; private const long ShortPeriod = 2000000L; private static readonly Rectangle CellRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, CellSize, CellSize); public MineForm() { InitializeComponent(); SetStyle(ControlStyles.ResizeRedraw | ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true); } protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e) { base.OnLoad(e); Init(9, 9, 10); } public void Init(int rows, int columns, int mines) { board.Init(rows, columns, mines); ClientSize = new Size(columns * CellSize + 1, rows * CellSize + mainMenu.Height + 1); Invalidate(); } protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { base.OnPaint(e); Graphics g = e.Graphics; for (int i = 0; i < board.Rows; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < board.Columns; j++) { g.ResetTransform(); g.TranslateTransform(j * 16, i * 16 + mainMenu.Height); DrawCell(g, board[i, j]); } } } private void DrawCell(Graphics g, MineCell cell) { Rectangle rt = CellRectangle; StringFormat sf = new StringFormat(); sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center; sf.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center; if (cell.IsMine && board.Status == GameStatus.Lose) { g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt); g.DrawString("@", Font, cell.Status == MineCellStatus.Exploded ? Brushes.Red : Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf); } else { if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.Covered) { g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt); } else if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.MarkMine) { g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt); g.DrawString("#", Font, Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf); } else if (cell.Status == MineCellStatus.MarkDoubt) { g.FillRectangle(Brushes.DarkGray, rt); g.DrawString("?", Font, Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf); } else { if (cell.NearbyMines > 0) { g.DrawString(cell.NearbyMines.ToString(), Font, Brushes.DarkBlue, rt, sf); } } } g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, rt); sf.Dispose(); } protected override void OnMouseClick(MouseEventArgs e) { base.OnMouseClick(e); if (board.Status != GameStatus.Playing && board.Status != GameStatus.NotStarted) return; int row, col; HitTest(e.Location, out row, out col); if (DateTime.Now.Ticks - lastClickTicks < ShortPeriod && ((lastClickButton | e.Button) == (MouseButtons.Left | MouseButtons.Right))) { board.UncoverNearBy(row, col); } if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left) { board.Uncover(row, col); } else if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right) { board.ChangeMark(row, col); } board.CheckGameResult(); if (board.Status == GameStatus.Win) { MessageBox.Show("You Win!"); } Invalidate(); } protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e) { base.OnMouseDown(e); if (DateTime.Now.Ticks - lastClickTicks < ShortPeriod) { lastClickButton |= e.Button; } else { lastClickButton = e.Button; lastClickTicks = DateTime.Now.Ticks; } } private void HitTest(Point pt, out int row, out int col) { col = pt.X / CellSize; row = (pt.Y - mainMenu.Height) / CellSize; } private void menuItemExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); } private void menuItemNew_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Init(9, 9, 10); } }}非常簡單，不過已經可以玩了，系列稍后的文章會對功能進行改進。
項目文件下載。
更正一：在MouseClick中，先Invalidate，再處理取勝判斷，用戶體驗要好一些。
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