@(python之路)[django restframework框架八 路由]
django restframework框架八 路由

路由組件

?一般路由我們會寫六個方法：

• 列表：SaView.get
• 添加：SaView.post
• 詳細：SaView.get
• 修改：SaView.put
• 局部：SaView.patch
• 刪除：SaView.delete
  一般的路由都是有這六部分組成

路由組件編寫

a. 自定義路由

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'sa/$', views.SaView.as_view()),
    url(r'sa/(?(pk)\d+)/$', views.SaView.as_view()),
]

views.py

class SaSerialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Sa
        fields = "__all__"

class SaView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = []
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        pk = kwargs.get('pk')
        if not pk:
            queryset = models.Sa.objects.all()
            ser = SaSerialiser(instance=queryset,many=True)
        else:
            obj = models.Sa.objects.filter(id=pk).first()
            ser = SaSerialiser(instance=obj, many=False)
        return Response(ser.data)

    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        pass

    def put(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        kwargs.get('pk')
        pass

    def patch(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        kwargs.get('pk')
        pass

    def delete(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        kwargs.get('pk')
        pass

弊端：視圖函數做修改，這里也需要做修改

b. 半自動路由

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'sa/$', views.SaView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
    url(r'sa/(?(pk)\d+)/$', views.SaView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),

]

此時我們的views就要換一種方式了

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework import serializers
from .. import models


class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class UserViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

c. 全自動路由

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from rest_framework import routers
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'sa', views.SaView)

urlpatterns = [
	url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
]

views.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework import serializers
from .. import models


class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class UserViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

不推薦這種方式

源碼分析

1

from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
class SaView(APIView):
	pass

我們來看一下GenericViewSet

class GenericViewSet(ViewSetMixin, generics.GenericAPIView):
    pass

這里GenericViewSet繼承了ViewSetMixin和generics.GenericAPIView

這里我們先看一下generics.GenericAPIView

class GenericAPIView(views.APIView):
    queryset = None
    serializer_class = None
    lookup_field = 'pk'
    lookup_url_kwarg = None
    filter_backends = api_settings.DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS
    pagination_class = api_settings.DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS


    def get_queryset(self):
        assert self.queryset is not None, (
            "'%s' should either include a `queryset` attribute, "
            "or override the `get_queryset()` method."
            % self.__class__.__name__
        )
		# 這里的本質就是 self.queryset= queryset = None；
		# 這里單純的它是沒有意義的。我們需要結合其他的來用。他是用來調用增刪改查的。稍后會仔細說。
        queryset = self.queryset
        if isinstance(queryset, QuerySet):
            # Ensure queryset is re-evaluated on each request.
            queryset = queryset.all()
        return queryset

?我們現在來看，GenericAPIView并沒有起到什么作用。所以我們繼續看ViewSetMixin。

class ViewSetMixin(object):
    @classonlymethod
    def as_view(cls, actions=None, **initkwargs):
	    pass

我們關注的是as_view()他這里需要重新寫了as_view方法。所以我們的路由也要跟著改變。語言來的變化請看b

2
ModelViewSet:代碼示例請看c

class ModelViewSet(mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                   mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
                   mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
                   mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
                   mixins.ListModelMixin,
                   GenericViewSet):
    pass

我們發現他繼承了五個類，