雪花算法snowflakeIdWorker使用記錄
生成唯一的traceId時候是通過uuid進行生成的,想到有沒有什么更好的方法,網上搜索了下性能更好的雪花算法。參考:https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/433690272
自己在使用時候主要是機器id的生成以及怎么避免重復,這個主要是通過ip地址以及hostName進行取余獲取。代碼如下:
package com.gwm.lafeng.util;
public class SnowflakeIdWorker {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
/**
* 開始時間截 (2023-01-01)
*/
private final long twepoch = 1672502400000L;
/**
* 機器id所占的位數
*/
private final long workerIdBits = 5L;
/**
* 數據標識id所占的位數
*/
private final long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
/**
* 支持的最大機器id,結果是31 (這個移位算法可以很快的計算出幾位二進制數所能表示的最大十進制數)
*/
private final long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
/**
* 支持的最大數據標識id,結果是31
*/
private final long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits);
/**
* 序列在id中占的位數
*/
private final long sequenceBits = 12L;
/**
* 機器ID向左移12位
*/
private final long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
/**
* 數據標識id向左移17位(12+5)
*/
private final long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
/**
* 時間截向左移22位(5+5+12)
*/
private final long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;
/**
* 生成序列的掩碼,這里為4095 (0b111111111111=0xfff=4095)
*/
private final long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);
/**
* 工作機器ID(0~31)
*/
private long workerId;
/**
* 數據中心ID(0~31)
*/
private long datacenterId;
/**
* 毫秒內序列(0~4095)
*/
private long sequence = 0L;
/**
* 上次生成ID的時間截
*/
private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
/**
* 構造函數
* @param workerId 工作ID (0~31)
* @param datacenterId 數據中心ID (0~31)
*/
public SnowflakeIdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
}
if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
}
try {
workerId = getHostId(Inet4Address.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(),31);
datacenterId = getHostId(SystemUtils.getHostName(),31);
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
logger.error("獲取異常",e);
workerId = RandomUtils.nextLong(0,31);
datacenterId = RandomUtils.nextLong(0,31) ;
}
logger.info("workerId:" + workerId +"datacenterId:" + datacenterId);
this.workerId = workerId;
this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
}
/**
* 獲得下一個ID (該方法是線程安全的)
* @return SnowflakeId
*/
public synchronized long nextId() {
long timestamp = timeGen();
// 如果當前時間小于上一次ID生成的時間戳,說明系統時鐘回退過這個時候應當拋出異常
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
throw new RuntimeException(
String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
}
// 如果是同一時間生成的,則進行毫秒內序列
if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
// 毫秒內序列溢出
if (sequence == 0) {
//阻塞到下一個毫秒,獲得新的時間戳
timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
}
}
// 時間戳改變,毫秒內序列重置
else {
sequence = 0L;
}
// 上次生成ID的時間截
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
// 移位并通過或運算拼到一起組成64位的ID
return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) //
| (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift) //
| (workerId << workerIdShift) //
| sequence;
}
/**
* 阻塞到下一個毫秒,直到獲得新的時間戳
* @param lastTimestamp 上次生成ID的時間截
* @return 當前時間戳
*/
protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
long timestamp = timeGen();
while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
timestamp = timeGen();
}
return timestamp;
}
/**
* 返回以毫秒為單位的當前時間
* @return 當前時間(毫秒)
*/
protected long timeGen() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
/**
* 根據機器ip以及機器host轉化為機器workId
* @param s
* @param max
* @return
*/
public static int getHostId(String s,int max){
byte[] bytes = s.getBytes();
int sums = 0;
for(int b: bytes){
sums += b;
}
return sums % (max + 1);
}
/*public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
int hostAddress = getHostId(Inet4Address.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(),31);
int hostName = getHostId(SystemUtils.getHostName(),31);
System.out.println(hostAddress +" : " + hostName);
SnowflakeIdWorker idWorker = new SnowflakeIdWorker(hostAddress, hostName);
Long startNow = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
long id = idWorker.nextId();
}
Long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("耗時:" + (endTime-startNow) + "毫秒");
}*/
}

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