最近預(yù)研一個新項目，需要裝一個mysql，因為以前裝過，原本以為很簡單，大概半小時搞定，但是沒想到搞了一晚上，記錄一下完整步驟和遇到的問題。

1、軟件版本和安裝包準(zhǔn)備

• centos7
• mysql5.7

官網(wǎng)下載地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

• 版本選擇如下：
  
• 安裝包選擇如下：
  

2、首先卸載系統(tǒng)中自帶的mysql并刪除配置文件

# 查看系統(tǒng)自帶的Mariadb和msql
rpm -qa|grep mariadb
rpm -qa | grep mysql
# 卸載系統(tǒng)自帶的Mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
# 刪除etc目錄下的my.cnf
rm /etc/my.cnf

3、創(chuàng)建mysql用戶和用戶組

# 創(chuàng)建mysql用戶組
groupadd mysql
# 創(chuàng)建一個用戶名為mysql的用戶，并加入mysql用戶組
useradd -g mysql mysql

4、安裝準(zhǔn)備

這里我們安裝在/usr/local下面
cd /usr/local/
上傳
rz 安裝包
解壓 
tar -zxvf 安裝包名
mv 安裝包名 mysql
修改權(quán)限并創(chuàng)建data目錄
chown -R mysql mysql/
chgrp -R mysql mysql/
cd mysql/
mkdir data
chown -R mysql:mysql data

5、準(zhǔn)備配置文件

cd /usr/local/mysql
vi my.cnf
[mysql]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# set mysql client default chararter
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# set mysql server port  
port = 3306
# set mysql install base dir
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# set the data store dir
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# set the number of allow max connnection
max_connections=200
# set server charactre default encoding
character-set-server=utf8
# the storage engine
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

# 取消密碼驗證
skip-grant-tables
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# skip-grant-tables

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[mysql.server]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql

6、進(jìn)入mysql文件夾，并安裝mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql
這里注意不要使用mysql_install_db的初始化方法
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

如果報以下錯誤：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or director
則執(zhí)行：
yum -y install numactl

然后在執(zhí)行：
usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

7、開啟服務(wù)

# 將mysql加入服務(wù)
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# 開機(jī)自啟
chkconfig mysql on
# 開啟
service mysql start

8、設(shè)置密碼

# 登錄（由于/etc/my.cnf中設(shè)置了取消密碼驗證，所以此處密碼任意）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
# 操作mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫
 use mysql;
# 修改密碼
update user set authentication_string=password('你的密碼') where user='root';
flush privileges;
exit;

重設(shè)密碼

將my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables刪除;
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '修改后的密碼';
exit;

允許遠(yuǎn)程連接

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
use mysql;
update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;
eixt;

最后添加快捷方式

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin