14.GUI 編程

1.GUI 編程簡介

GUI：圖形用戶界面
GUI 核心技術(shù)：Swing、Awt 類

界面不美觀
需要 jre 環(huán)境

為什么要學(xué)習(xí)：

可以寫出一些小工具
工作時候，也可能需要維護(hù)到 Swing 界面，概率績效
了解 MVC 架構(gòu)，了解監(jiān)聽

2.AWT 類

2.1.Awt 介紹

包含了很多類和接口
元素：窗口、按鈕、文本框
java.awt 包

2.2.組件和容器

2.2.1.彈框

Frame：彈出一個框

import java.awt.*;

//GUI 的第一個界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一個 Java 圖形界面窗口");
        //需要設(shè)置可見性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //設(shè)置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        //設(shè)置背景顏色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(126, 193, 129));
        //彈出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);
        //設(shè)置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

彈出多個框：

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多個窗口
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.green);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;//可能存在多個窗口，我們需要一個計數(shù)器
    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame" + (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2.2.2.面板-Panel

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel 面板，可以看成是一個空間，但是不能單獨存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //設(shè)置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐標(biāo)
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(76, 185, 185));
        //Panel 設(shè)置坐標(biāo)，相對 frame
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(250, 151, 151));
        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //監(jiān)聽事件，監(jiān)聽窗口關(guān)閉事件 System.exit(0)
        //適配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口點擊關(guān)閉的時候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //結(jié)束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

2.2.3.布局管理器

流式布局-FlowLayout

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //組件-按鈕
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        //設(shè)置為流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        //設(shè)置靠左
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        //把按鈕添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

東西南北中-BorderLayout

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west= new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");
        frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局-GridLayout

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2= new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));//3行2列
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
        frame.pack();//將布局自動選擇合適的布局
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

練習(xí)：

import java.awt.*;

public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //總 frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(400, 300);
        frame.setLocation(300, 400);
//        frame.setBackground(Color.blue);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        //4個面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
        //上面面板
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //下面面板
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中間4個
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+(i+1)));
        }
        p3.add(p4, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
    }
}

2.3.事件監(jiān)聽

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按鈕，觸發(fā)一些事情
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        //因為 addActionListener() 需要一個 ActionListener，所以需要一個 ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();

        windowClose(frame);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
    //關(guān)閉窗體的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件監(jiān)聽
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多個按鈕共享一個事件：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //兩個按鈕，實現(xiàn)同一個監(jiān)聽
        //開始  停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("開始-停止");
        Button start = new Button("start");
        Button stop = new Button("stop");

        //可以顯示地定義觸發(fā)會返回的命令，如果不顯示定義，則會走默認(rèn)的值
        //可以多個按鈕只寫一個監(jiān)聽類
        stop.setActionCommand("btn2-stop");
        MyListener myListener = new MyListener();
        start.addActionListener(myListener);
        stop.addActionListener(myListener);

        frame.add(start, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(stop,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand()：獲得按鈕的信息
        System.out.println("按鈕被點擊了：msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

2.4.輸入框 TextField

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //監(jiān)聽這個文本框輸入的文字
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        //按下 Enter，就會觸發(fā)這個輸入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        //設(shè)置替換編碼
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//獲得一些資源，返回的一個對象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//獲得輸入框的文本
        field.setText("");//回車置空
    }
}

2.5.簡易計算器，組合+內(nèi)部類

簡易計算器

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
//計算器類
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //3個文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        TextField num3 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        //1個按鈕
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1, num2, num3));
        //1個標(biāo)簽
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//監(jiān)聽器類
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //獲取三個變量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.獲取加數(shù)和被加數(shù)
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2.加法運算后放到第三個框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        //3.清除前兩個框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全面向?qū)ο蟾脑?/summary>

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//計算器類
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //屬性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3個文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        num3 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        //1個按鈕
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //1個標(biāo)簽
        Label label = new Label("+");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//監(jiān)聽器類
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //獲取計算器這個對象，在一個類中組合另外一個類
    Calculator calculator = null;
    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.獲取加數(shù)和被加數(shù)
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        //2.加法運算后放到第三個框
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        //3.清除前兩個框
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

改造為內(nèi)部類

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//計算器類
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //屬性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3個文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        num3 = new TextField(10);//字符數(shù)
        //1個按鈕
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //1個標(biāo)簽
        Label label = new Label("+");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //監(jiān)聽器類
    //內(nèi)部類最大的好處，就是可以暢通地訪問外部的屬性和方法
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.獲取加數(shù)和被加數(shù)
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            //2.加法運算后放到第三個框
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            //3.清除前兩個框
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

2.6.畫筆

畫圓

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200, 200, 600, 500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //畫筆
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //畫筆，需要有顏色，可以畫畫
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        //g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);//畫空心圓
        g.fillOval(100, 100, 100, 100);//實心圓
        //畫筆用完，將其還原到最初的顏色
        g.setColor(Color.black);//黑色
    }
}

2.7.鼠標(biāo)監(jiān)聽

目的：實現(xiàn)鼠標(biāo)畫畫

鼠標(biāo)點擊一次畫一個點

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("畫圖");
    }
}
//自己的類
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //畫畫需要畫筆，需要監(jiān)聽鼠標(biāo)當(dāng)前的偽造，需要集合來存儲這個點
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 300);
        //存鼠標(biāo)點擊的點
        points = new ArrayList<>();

        setVisible(true);
        //鼠標(biāo)監(jiān)聽器，針對該窗口的
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //畫畫，監(jiān)聽鼠標(biāo)的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();//指針指向下一個，返回當(dāng)前的點
            g.setColor(Color.blue);
            g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
        }
    }
    //添加一個點到界面上
    public void addPoint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }
    //適配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        //鼠標(biāo) 按下、彈起、按住不妨

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //點擊鼠標(biāo)的時候，就會在界面上產(chǎn)生一個點
            //這個點就是鼠標(biāo)的點
            frame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
            //每次點擊鼠標(biāo)都需要重新畫一遍
            frame.repaint();//刷新
        }
    }
}

2.8.窗口監(jiān)聽

常用兩種窗口監(jiān)聽

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        //匿名內(nèi)部類
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("窗口關(guān)閉");
                System.exit(0);
            }
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                //窗口激活
                WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                source.setTitle("被激活了");
                System.out.println("windowActivated");
            }
        });
    }
}

2.9.鍵盤監(jiān)聽

點擊查看代碼

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(1, 2, 300, 400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //鍵盤按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //獲得鍵盤下的鍵是哪一個，當(dāng)前的碼
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要記錄該數(shù)值，直接使用靜態(tài)屬性：VK_xxx
                if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上建");
                }
                //根據(jù)按下不同操作，產(chǎn)生不同的結(jié)果
            }
        });
    }
}

3.Swing 類

3.1.窗口

窗口

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init(); 初始化
    public void init(){
        //頂級窗口
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("這是一個JFrame窗口");
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        //設(shè)置文字 JLabel
        JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello world");
        jf.add(label);
        //文本居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //獲得容器
        Container contentPane = jf.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        //關(guān)閉事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一個窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

3.2.彈窗

彈窗代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame 放東西，容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //絕對布局
        container.setLayout(null);
        //按鈕
        JButton button = new JButton("點擊彈出一個對話框");//創(chuàng)建
        button.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
        //點擊這個按鈕的時候，彈窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //彈窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//彈窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        //默認(rèn)就有關(guān)閉事件
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        container.add(new Label("彈窗標(biāo)題"));
    }
}

3.3.標(biāo)簽

label

new JLabel("xxx");

圖標(biāo)ICON

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//圖標(biāo)，需要實現(xiàn)類，F(xiàn)rame繼承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo() {}

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }
    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //圖標(biāo)放在標(biāo)簽，也可以放在按鈕上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);
        this.pack();
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }
    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

圖片ICON

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }

    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //獲取圖片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIconDemo");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("text.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

3.4.面板

JPanel

面板操作

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));//各個面板之間的間距：10
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        container.add(panel1);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPane

滾動條面板

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));//各個面板之間的間距：10
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        container.add(panel1);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

3.5.按鈕

3.5.1.圖片按鈕

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //將一個圖片變?yōu)閳D標(biāo)
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //把這個圖標(biāo)放在按鈕上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("圖標(biāo)按鈕");
        //add
        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

3.5.2.單選按鈕

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo2 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo2(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //單選框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton1");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton2");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton3");
        //設(shè)置只能選擇一個，分組
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton1);
        group.add(radioButton2);
        group.add(radioButton3);
        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo2();
    }
}

3.5.3.復(fù)選按鈕

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo3 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo3(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //多選框
        JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox1");
        JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox2");
        container.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo3();
    }
}

3.6.列表

3.6.1.下拉框

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在上映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即將上映");

        container.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo();
    }
}

3.6.2.列表框

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo2 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo2(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表內(nèi)容
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};//靜態(tài)寫死
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        //列表中需要放入內(nèi)容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        //動態(tài)添加
        contents.add("zhangsan");
        contents.add("wangwu");
        contents.add("lisi");

        container.add(jList);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo2();
    }
}

3.6.3.應(yīng)用場景

下拉框：選擇地區(qū)，或一些單個選項
列表：展示信息，一般是動態(tài)擴(kuò)容

3.7.文本框

3.7.1.文本框

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo1 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo1(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world", 20);

        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo1();
    }
}

3.7.2.密碼框

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo2 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo2(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo2();
    }
}

3.7.3.文本域

點擊查看代碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo3 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo3(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 30);
        textArea.setText("這是默認(rèn)字符");
        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo3();
    }
}

4.貪吃蛇小游戲

幀：如果時間片足夠小，就是動畫，一秒30、60幀，拆開就是靜態(tài)的圖片
鍵盤監(jiān)聽
定時器：Timer
圖片資源及源代碼：貪吃蛇代碼

posted @ 2024-05-11 22:43 落落的學(xué)習(xí) 閱讀(46) 評論(0) 收藏舉報

刷新頁面返回頂部

luoluostudy

14.GUI 編程

1.GUI 編程簡介

2.AWT 類

2.1.Awt 介紹

2.2.組件和容器

2.2.1.彈框

2.2.2.面板-Panel

2.2.3.布局管理器

2.3.事件監(jiān)聽

2.4.輸入框 TextField

2.5.簡易計算器，組合+內(nèi)部類

2.6.畫筆

2.7.鼠標(biāo)監(jiān)聽

2.8.窗口監(jiān)聽

2.9.鍵盤監(jiān)聽

3.Swing 類

3.1.窗口

3.2.彈窗

3.3.標(biāo)簽

3.4.面板

3.5.按鈕

3.5.1.圖片按鈕

3.5.2.單選按鈕

3.5.3.復(fù)選按鈕

3.6.列表

3.6.1.下拉框

3.6.2.列表框

3.6.3.應(yīng)用場景

3.7.文本框

3.7.1.文本框

3.7.2.密碼框

3.7.3.文本域

4.貪吃蛇小游戲

公告