class YourSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    def create(self, validated_data):
        # 進行數據驗證是否滿足條件
       #得到數據過程以省略
       condition = False
        if not condition:
            # 拋出ValidationError異常，并傳遞錯誤信息
            raise ValidationError("錯誤信息")
        else:
            正常邏輯

class YourSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Aaa
        exclude = ('is_delete', 'create_time',"modified_time" )

    def validate(self, attrs):

        a = attrs.get('a')

        if len(a) < 10:
                raise ValidationError({'a': '該字段長度不能小于10'})    
        
        return attrs

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response

class YourView(APIView):
    def post(self, request):
        serializer = YourSerializer(data=request.data)
        try:
            if serializer.is_valid():
                serializer.save()
                return Response(serializer.data)
            else:
                # 如果序列化器驗證失敗，獲取錯誤信息
                errors = serializer.errors
                return Response(errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
        except ValidationError as e:
            # 如果在序列化器的create方法中拋出了ValidationError異常，在這里捕獲錯誤信息并返回給前端
            errors = str(e.args[0])  # 獲取錯誤信息
            return Response(errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)