linux rhel虛擬機中如何給磁盤動態擴容（硬盤直接擴展）

001、查看磁盤、容量

[root@PC1 ~]# find /dev/ -name "sd*"          ## 查看磁盤數目，分區，一共一塊硬盤sda
/dev/sda2
/dev/sda1
/dev/sda
[root@PC1 ~]# lsblk              ## 查看磁盤數目，分區，容量
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2          8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─rhel-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─rhel-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sr0            11:0    1  3.5G  0 rom  /media/cdrom

002、關閉虛擬機，選擇硬盤，點擊擴展

003、指定容量大小，點擊擴展

004、點擊確定，然后打開虛擬機

005、查看硬盤數目、容量

[root@PC1 Desktop]# find /dev/ -name "sd*"              ## 查看硬盤的數目、分區
/dev/sda2
/dev/sda1
/dev/sda
[root@PC1 Desktop]# lsblk                               ## 查看硬盤的數目，分區，容量
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2          8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─rhel-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─rhel-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sr0            11:0    1  3.5G  0 rom  /media/cdrom
[root@PC1 Desktop]# df -Th                             ## 查看根分區的容量，文件系統
Filesystem            Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs        18G  3.3G   15G  19% /
devtmpfs              devtmpfs  905M     0  905M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M   84K  914M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  8.8M  905M   1% /run
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M     0  914M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0              iso9660   3.5G  3.5G     0 100% /media/cdrom
/dev/sda1             xfs       497M  119M  379M  24% /boot

006、對硬盤sda進行分區

[root@PC1 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/sda             ## 使用sda命令進行分區
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): n                       ## 輸入n進行分區
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p):                          ## 選擇默認，回車
Using default response p
Partition number (3,4, default 3):           ## 選擇默認，回車
First sector (41943040-419430399, default 41943040):      ## 選擇默認，回車
Using default value 41943040
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (41943040-419430399, default 419430399):    ## 選擇默認，回車
Using default value 419430399
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 180 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w                               ## 輸入w，保存退出
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

007、查看分區

[root@PC1 Desktop]# lsblk                                       ## 查看分區，多出了一個sda3分區
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
├─sda2          8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
│ ├─rhel-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
│ └─rhel-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
└─sda3          8:3    0  180G  0 part 
sr0            11:0    1  3.5G  0 rom  /media/cdrom
[root@PC1 Desktop]# df -Th                                     ## 查看根分區的文件系統
Filesystem            Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs        18G  3.3G   15G  19% /
devtmpfs              devtmpfs  905M     0  905M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  140K  914M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  8.8M  905M   1% /run
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M     0  914M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0              iso9660   3.5G  3.5G     0 100% /media/cdrom
/dev/sda1             xfs       497M  119M  379M  24% /boot

008、將sda3分區格式化為和根分區一致的文件系統

[root@PC1 Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sda3               ## 利用mkfs命令進行格式化
meta-data=/dev/sda3              isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=11796480 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=47185920, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=23040, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

009、將sda3加入物理卷

[root@PC1 Desktop]# pvcreate /dev/sda3            ## 將sda3生成物理卷
WARNING: xfs signature detected on /dev/sda3 at offset 0. Wipe it? [y/n] y       ## 輸入y
  Wiping xfs signature on /dev/sda3.
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created

010、查看根分區所屬的卷組

[root@PC1 Desktop]# lsblk         ## 查看根分區所屬的卷組
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
├─sda2          8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
│ ├─rhel-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
│ └─rhel-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
└─sda3          8:3    0  180G  0 part 
sr0            11:0    1  3.5G  0 rom  /media/cdrom
[root@PC1 Desktop]# df -Th         ## 查看根分區所屬的卷組
Filesystem            Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs        18G  3.3G   15G  19% /
devtmpfs              devtmpfs  905M     0  905M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  140K  914M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  8.8M  905M   1% /run
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M     0  914M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0              iso9660   3.5G  3.5G     0 100% /media/cdrom
/dev/sda1             xfs       497M  119M  379M  24% /boot
[root@PC1 Desktop]# vgdisplay       ## 列出卷組
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               rhel          ## 卷組名稱
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               19.51 GiB                      ## 卷組大小為20G
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              4994
  Alloc PE / Size       4994 / 19.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               7iL03p-2X2e-JTuQ-frpc-AL6O-8wua-cdDFtT

011、將sda3加入rhel卷組

[root@PC1 Desktop]# vgextend rhel /dev/sda3        ## 將sda3鍵入rhel卷組
  Volume group "rhel" successfully extended
[root@PC1 Desktop]# vgdisplay                      ## 列出卷組
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               rhel
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               199.50 GiB                     ## 此時卷組為200G
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              51073
  Alloc PE / Size       4994 / 19.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       46079 / 180.00 GiB
  VG UUID               7iL03p-2X2e-JTuQ-frpc-AL6O-8wua-cdDFtT

012、對根分區進行擴容

[root@PC1 Desktop]# lvextend -L +170G /dev/mapper/rhel-root    ## 將根分區增加170G
  Extending logical volume root to 187.51 GiB
  Logical volume root successfully resized

013、查看根分區的容量

[root@PC1 Desktop]# lsblk        ## 查看根分區大小
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0   500M  0 part /boot
├─sda2          8:2    0  19.5G  0 part 
│ ├─rhel-root 253:0    0 187.5G  0 lvm  /
│ └─rhel-swap 253:1    0     2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
└─sda3          8:3    0   180G  0 part 
  └─rhel-root 253:0    0 187.5G  0 lvm  /
sr0            11:0    1   3.5G  0 rom  /media/cdrom
[root@PC1 Desktop]# df -Th      ## 查看根分區可以利用的大小
Filesystem            Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs        18G  3.3G   15G  19% /
devtmpfs              devtmpfs  905M     0  905M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  140K  914M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  8.8M  905M   1% /run
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M     0  914M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0              iso9660   3.5G  3.5G     0 100% /media/cdrom
/dev/sda1             xfs       497M  119M  379M  24% /boot

014、加載，然后查看根分區可以利用的大小

[root@PC1 Desktop]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/rhel-root               ## 加載
meta-data=/dev/mapper/rhel-root  isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=1147392 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=4589568, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 4589568 to 49154048
[root@PC1 Desktop]# df -Th                    ## 查看根分區可利用的大小，已經擴容
Filesystem            Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs       188G  3.3G  185G   2% /
devtmpfs              devtmpfs  905M     0  905M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  140K  914M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  8.8M  905M   1% /run
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M     0  914M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0              iso9660   3.5G  3.5G     0 100% /media/cdrom
/dev/sda1             xfs       497M  119M  379M  24% /boot

015、重啟虛擬機，觀測根分區容量

[root@PC1 Desktop]# df -Th        ## 查看根分區容量，擴容成功
Filesystem            Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs       188G  3.3G  185G   2% /
devtmpfs              devtmpfs  905M     0  905M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M   84K  914M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M  8.8M  905M   1% /run
tmpfs                 tmpfs     914M     0  914M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0              iso9660   3.5G  3.5G     0 100% /media/cdrom
/dev/sda1             xfs       497M  119M  379M  24% /boot

參考：https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1719806788763194028&wfr=spider&for=pc

posted @ 2023-01-26 09:56 小鯊魚2018 閱讀(2840) 評論(1) 收藏舉報

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linux rhel虛擬機中如何給磁盤動態擴容（硬盤直接擴展）

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