1. 添加 debug 配置
   

會生成以文件 CppProperties.json:

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "inheritEnvironments": [
        "msvc_x64"
      ],
      "name": "x64-Debug",
      "includePath": [
        "${env.INCLUDE}",
        "${workspaceRoot}\\**"
      ],
      "defines": [
        "WIN32",
        "_DEBUG",
        "UNICODE",
        "_UNICODE"
      ],
      "intelliSenseMode": "windows-msvc-x64"
    }
  ]
}

2. 定義構建任務的過程：
   

生成文件 tasks.vs.json:

{
  "version": "0.2.1",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "taskLabel": "任務-main",
      "appliesTo": "main.cpp",
      "type": "launch",
      "command": "cl",
      "args": [
        "/EHsc",
        "/utf-8",
        "/MTd",
        "/Zi", // 生成完整的調試信息
        "main.cpp"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

3. 創建調試任務：
   

生成文件 launch.vs.json:

{
  "version": "0.2.1",
  "defaults": {},
  "configurations": [
    {
      "type": "native",
      "name": "main.exe",
      "project": "main.exe",
      "projectTarget": ""
    }
  ]
}

4. 選擇調試目標：
   

打斷點：

5. 調試的完整過程：