WinForm(C/S)項(xiàng)目中使用矢量字體(FontAwsome、Elegant)圖標(biāo)

字體圖標(biāo)在Web應(yīng)用中最為常見(jiàn)，字體圖標(biāo)是矢量的，矢量圖意味著每個(gè)圖標(biāo)都能在所有大小的屏幕上完美呈現(xiàn)，可以隨時(shí)更改大小和顏色，而且不失真。字體圖標(biāo)常見(jiàn)的有Font Awesome和Elegant Icon Font，她們不僅圖標(biāo)數(shù)量多，還可以免費(fèi)使用。這些圖標(biāo)如果能用在WinForm項(xiàng)目中，不僅可以帶來(lái)更加直觀的界面效果，也能讓圖標(biāo)不再局限于類似png類型，本文將介紹在WinForm項(xiàng)目中如何使用字體圖標(biāo)。

1、介紹

字體圖標(biāo)在Web應(yīng)用中最為常見(jiàn)，字體圖標(biāo)是矢量的，矢量圖意味著每個(gè)圖標(biāo)都能在所有大小的屏幕上完美呈現(xiàn)，可以隨時(shí)更改大小和顏色，而且不失真。字體圖標(biāo)常見(jiàn)的有Font Awesome和Elegant Icon Font，她們不僅圖標(biāo)數(shù)量多，還可以免費(fèi)使用。這些圖標(biāo)如果能用在WinForm項(xiàng)目中，不僅可以帶來(lái)更加直觀的界面效果，也能讓圖標(biāo)不再局限于類似png類型，本文將介紹在WinForm項(xiàng)目中如何使用字體圖標(biāo)。

2、字體圖標(biāo)的選擇

網(wǎng)上IconFont資源很多，同時(shí)很多提供SVG下載的網(wǎng)站都會(huì)提供對(duì)應(yīng)的IconFont文件。本文就以：比較流行且開(kāi)源免費(fèi)的FontAwesome字體圖標(biāo)為例，講解.NET開(kāi)發(fā)的WinForm項(xiàng)目如何使用。

FontAwesome，官網(wǎng)：https://fontawesome.com.cn/v4/icons

FontAwesome

在上圖中，我們可以看到每個(gè)圖標(biāo)都有對(duì)應(yīng)的Unicode編碼，我們需要使用這個(gè)編碼來(lái)做圖標(biāo)的展示。

3、使用方法

下載字體圖標(biāo)到本地，放到項(xiàng)目相應(yīng)的位置，如在我們的項(xiàng)目中使用了兩類字體圖標(biāo)，F(xiàn)ontAwesome和ElegantIcon，如下圖所示。

字體圖標(biāo)

圖標(biāo)

在項(xiàng)目中定義字體編碼對(duì)應(yīng)的枚舉部分代碼如下所示。

/// <summary>
/// 圖標(biāo)枚舉,包含Awesome圖標(biāo)和Elegant圖標(biāo)，分別以A和E開(kāi)頭
/// </summary>
public enum FontIcons 
{
    #region Awesome    English:Awesome
    /// <summary>
    /// a fa 500PX
    /// </summary>
    A_fa_500px = 0xf26e,
    /// <summary>
    /// a fa address book
    /// </summary>
    A_fa_address_book = 0xf2b9,
    /// <summary>
    /// a fa address book o
    /// </summary>
    A_fa_address_book_o = 0xf2ba,
    /// <summary>
    /// a fa address card
    /// </summary>
    A_fa_address_card = 0xf2bb,
    #endregion
    
    #region Elegant    English:Elegant
    /// <summary>
    /// The e arrow up
    /// </summary>
    E_arrow_up = 0x21,
    /// <summary>
    /// The e arrow down
    /// </summary>
    E_arrow_down = 0x22,
    /// <summary>
    /// The e arrow left
    /// </summary>
    E_arrow_left = 0x23,
    #endregion
}

定義字體圖標(biāo)加載公共類：FontImagesHelper.cs，此類不僅支持對(duì)待加載圖標(biāo)指定尺寸大小、還可以設(shè)置前景色和背景色。

FontImagesHelper

FontImagesHelper.cs源碼如下：

/// <summary>
/// 字體圖標(biāo)圖片,awesome字體默認(rèn)加載，elegant字體在使用時(shí)延遲加載
/// </summary>
public static class FontImagesHelper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The m font collection
    /// </summary>
    private static readonly PrivateFontCollection fontCollection = new PrivateFontCollection();

    /// <summary>
    /// The m fonts awesome
    /// </summary>
    private static readonly Dictionary<string, Font> fontsAwesome = new Dictionary<string, Font>();

    /// <summary>
    /// The m fonts elegant
    /// </summary>
    private static readonly Dictionary<string, Font> fontsElegant = new Dictionary<string, Font>();

    /// <summary>
    /// The m cache maximum size
    /// </summary>
    private static Dictionary<int, float> cacheMaxSize = new Dictionary<int, float>();

    /// <summary>
    /// The minimum font size
    /// </summary>
    private const int MinFontSize = 8;

    /// <summary>
    /// The maximum font size
    /// </summary>
    private const int MaxFontSize = 43;

    /// <summary>
    /// 構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    /// </summary>
    /// <exception cref="FileNotFoundException">Font file not found</exception>
    static FontImagesHelper()
    {
        string strFile = Path.Combine(SystemInfo.StartupPath, "Resource", "IconFont\\FontAwesome.ttf");
        fontCollection.AddFontFile(strFile);
        float size = MinFontSize;
        for (int i = 0; i <= (MaxFontSize - MinFontSize) * 2; i++)
        {
            fontsAwesome.Add(size.ToString("F2"), new Font(fontCollection.Families[0], size, FontStyle.Regular, GraphicsUnit.Point));
            size += 0.5f;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 獲取圖標(biāo)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="iconName">圖標(biāo)名稱</param>
    /// <param name="imageSize">圖標(biāo)大小</param>
    /// <param name="foreColor">前景色</param>
    /// <param name="backColor">背景色</param>
    /// <returns>圖標(biāo)</returns>
    public static Icon GetIcon(string iconName, int imageSize = 32, Color? foreColor = null, Color? backColor = null)
    {
        FontIcons icon = (FontIcons)Enum.Parse(typeof(FontIcons), iconName);
        return GetIcon(icon, imageSize, foreColor, backColor);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 獲取圖標(biāo)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="iconName">圖標(biāo)名稱</param>
    /// <param name="imageSize">圖標(biāo)大小</param>
    /// <param name="foreColor">前景色</param>
    /// <param name="backColor">背景色</param>
    /// <returns>圖標(biāo)</returns>
    public static Icon GetIcon(FontIcons iconName, int imageSize = 32, Color? foreColor = null, Color? backColor = null)
    {
        try
        {
            Bitmap image = GetImage(iconName, imageSize, foreColor, backColor);
            return image != null ? ToIcon(image, imageSize) : null;
        }
        catch
        {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 獲取圖標(biāo)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="iconName">圖標(biāo)名稱</param>
    /// <param name="imageSize">圖標(biāo)大小</param>
    /// <param name="foreColor">前景色</param>
    /// <param name="backColor">背景色</param>
    /// <returns>圖標(biāo)</returns>
    public static Bitmap GetImage(string iconName, int imageSize = 32, Color? foreColor = null, Color? backColor = null)
    {
        try
        {
            FontIcons icon = (FontIcons)Enum.Parse(typeof(FontIcons), iconName);
            return GetImage(icon, imageSize, foreColor, backColor);
        }
        catch
        {
            return null;
        }
    }    

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the size of the icon.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="iconName">The icon text.</param>
    /// <param name="graphics">The graphics.</param>
    /// <param name="font">The font.</param>
    /// <returns>Size.</returns>
    private static Size GetIconSize(FontIcons iconName, Graphics graphics, Font font)
    {
        string text = char.ConvertFromUtf32((int)iconName);
        return graphics.MeasureString(text, font).ToSize();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Converts to icon.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="srcBitmap">The source bitmap.</param>
    /// <param name="size">The size.</param>
    /// <returns>Icon.</returns>
    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">srcBitmap</exception>
    private static Icon ToIcon(Bitmap srcBitmap, int size)
    {
        if (srcBitmap == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("srcBitmap");
        }

        Icon icon;
        using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            new Bitmap(srcBitmap, new Size(size, size)).Save(memoryStream, ImageFormat.Png);
            Stream stream = new MemoryStream();
            BinaryWriter binaryWriter = new BinaryWriter(stream);
            if (stream.Length <= 0L)
            {
                return null;
            }

            binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
            binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
            binaryWriter.Write((short)1);
            binaryWriter.Write((short)1);
            binaryWriter.Write((byte)size);
            binaryWriter.Write((byte)size);
            binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
            binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
            binaryWriter.Write((short)0);
            binaryWriter.Write((short)32);
            binaryWriter.Write((int)memoryStream.Length);
            binaryWriter.Write(22);
            binaryWriter.Write(memoryStream.ToArray());
            binaryWriter.Flush();
            binaryWriter.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            icon = new Icon(stream);
            stream.Dispose();
        }

        return icon;
    }
}

在RDIFramework.NET框架產(chǎn)品中整合了字體圖標(biāo)的使用，框架模塊的圖標(biāo)按字體圖標(biāo)進(jìn)行了整合加載，如下圖所示。

模塊字體圖標(biāo)

調(diào)用對(duì)應(yīng)圖標(biāo)的代碼。

var img = FontImagesHelper.GetImage("A_fa_address_card", 26, "#66B9BF");

除了上面提到的字體圖標(biāo)，我們還可以使用阿里巴巴矢量圖標(biāo)庫(kù)，地址：https://www.iconfont.cn/

4、參考文章

iconfont-阿里巴巴矢量圖標(biāo)庫(kù)

FontAwesome 字體圖標(biāo)中文Icon

RDIFramework.NET CS敏捷開(kāi)發(fā)框架 V6.1發(fā)布(.NET6+、Framework雙引擎、全網(wǎng)唯一)

.NET開(kāi)發(fā)WinForm(C/S)項(xiàng)目整合三種服務(wù)訪問(wèn)模式(直連、WCF、WebAPI)

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WinForm(C/S)項(xiàng)目中使用矢量字體(FontAwsome、Elegant)圖標(biāo)

1、介紹

2、字體圖標(biāo)的選擇

3、使用方法

4、參考文章

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