C++ 二叉樹的基本操作
C++實(shí)現(xiàn)二叉樹的基本操作
包括 添加節(jié)點(diǎn)、刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)、前序遍歷、中序遍歷、后續(xù)遍歷、層序遍歷、最大值、最小值、二叉樹的高度
//Tree.h 頭文件
#include <stdio.h>
class Tree
{
private :
//節(jié)點(diǎn)元素類型為結(jié)構(gòu)體
struct LinkNode
{
int data;
LinkNode *left;
LinkNode *right;
LinkNode(const int& dat,LinkNode *l,LinkNode *r):data(dat),left(l),right(r){}
};
LinkNode *head;//表頭節(jié)點(diǎn)
//添加節(jié)點(diǎn)
void AddTreeNode(LinkNode *node,LinkNode *newNode);
//顯示中序排列
void ShowCLR(LinkNode *root);
//顯示前序排列
void ShowLCR(LinkNode *root);
//顯示右序排列
void ShowLRC(LinkNode *root);
//高度
int Height(LinkNode *root);
public :
//添加節(jié)點(diǎn)
bool AddTreeNode(int data);
//顯示中序排列
bool ShowCLR();
//顯示前序排列
bool ShowLCR();
//顯示右序排列
bool ShowLRC();
//前序排列
bool Floor();
//最小值
bool Min(int** minValue);
//最大值
bool Max(int** maxValue);
//是否是空樹
bool Empty();
//高度
void Height(int** height);
~Tree()
{
delete[] head;
}
Tree()
{
head=new LinkNode(-1,NULL,NULL);
}
};
//實(shí)現(xiàn)文件Tree.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std ;
#include "Tree.h";
#include <queue>
//添加節(jié)點(diǎn)
void Tree::AddTreeNode(LinkNode *node,LinkNode *newNode)
{
if(node->data>newNode->data)
{
if(node->left==NULL)
{
node->left=newNode;
}else{
AddTreeNode(node->left,newNode);
}
}else if(node->data<newNode->data)
{
if(node->right==NULL)
{
node->right=newNode;
}else{
AddTreeNode(node->right,newNode);
}
}
}
//添加節(jié)點(diǎn)
bool Tree::AddTreeNode(int data)
{
LinkNode *node=new LinkNode(data,NULL,NULL);
if(head->left==NULL)
{
head->left=node;
}
AddTreeNode(head->left,node);
return true;
}
//中序遍歷
void Tree::ShowCLR(LinkNode *root)
{
if(root!=NULL){
cout<<root->data<<" ";
}
if(root->left!=NULL)
{
ShowCLR(root->left);
}
if(root->right!=NULL)
{
ShowCLR(root->right);
}
}
//中序遍歷
bool Tree::ShowCLR()
{
if(Empty())
{
return false;
}
ShowCLR(head->left);
return true;
}
//前序遍歷
void Tree::ShowLCR(LinkNode *root)
{
if(root->left!=NULL)
{
ShowLCR(root->left);
}
if(root!=NULL){
cout<<root->data<<" ";
}
if(root->right!=NULL)
{
ShowLCR(root->right);
}
}
//前序遍歷
bool Tree::ShowLCR()
{
if(Empty())
{
return false;
}
ShowLCR(head->left);
return true;
}
//后序遍歷
void Tree::ShowLRC(LinkNode *root)
{
if(root->left!=NULL)
{
ShowLRC(root->left);
}
if(root->right!=NULL)
{
ShowLRC(root->right);
}
if(root!=NULL){
cout<<root->data<<" ";
}
}
//后序遍歷
bool Tree::ShowLRC()
{
if(Empty())
{
return false;
}
ShowLRC(head->left);
return true;
}
//最小值
bool Tree::Min(int** minValue)
{
if(Empty())
{
return false;
}
LinkNode *tmp=head->left;
while(tmp!=NULL && tmp->left!=NULL)
{
tmp=tmp->left;
}
**minValue= tmp->data;
return true;
}
//最大值
bool Tree::Max(int** maxValue)
{
if(Empty())
{
return false;
}
LinkNode *tmp=head->left;
while(tmp!=NULL && tmp->right!=NULL)
{
tmp=tmp->right;
}
**maxValue= tmp->data;
return true;
}
//判斷樹是否為空
bool Tree::Empty()
{
return head->left==NULL;
}
//用隊(duì)列實(shí)現(xiàn)二叉樹層序遍歷
//1:添加根節(jié)點(diǎn)
//2:打印根節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù),添加根節(jié)點(diǎn)的子節(jié)點(diǎn),彈出根節(jié)點(diǎn)
//3:循環(huán)第二步
bool Tree::Floor()
{
queue<LinkNode*> q;
LinkNode* cur=head->left;
q.push(head->left);
while(!q.empty())
{
cur=q.front();
cout<<cur->data<<" ";
if(cur->left!=NULL){
q.push(cur->left);
}
if(cur->right!=NULL)
{
q.push(cur->right);
}
q.pop();
}
return true;
}
//求兩個(gè)數(shù)中較大的一個(gè)
int max(int a,int b)
{
if(a>b)
{
return a;
}else
{
return b;
}
}
//遞歸求二叉樹的高度
//二叉樹的高度就是左子樹和右子樹中較大一顆二叉樹的高度
int Tree::Height(LinkNode *root)
{
if(root==NULL)
{
return 0;
}
return 1+max(Height(root->left),Height(root->right));
}
//用指向指針的指針接受二叉樹的高度
void Tree::Height(int** height)
{
**height=Height(head->left);
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Tree.h"
void TreeTest() ;
int main()
{
TreeTest();
int a=0;
cin>>a;
return 0;
}
//指針類型調(diào)用屬性和方法用“->” 對(duì)象類型用“.”
//變量在不需要使用的時(shí)候就要釋放掉它的內(nèi)存
void TreeTest()
{
Tree tree;
int a[]={1,3,6,7,8,2,4,9,10,5};
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
tree.AddTreeNode(a[i]);
}
cout<<"-----------原始數(shù)組----------"<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"-----------中序排列----------"<<endl;
tree.ShowCLR();
cout<<endl;cout<<endl;
cout<<"-----------前序排列----------"<<endl;
tree.ShowLCR();
cout<<endl;cout<<endl;
cout<<"-----------后序排列----------"<<endl;
tree.ShowLRC();
cout<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"-----------層序排列----------"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
tree.Floor();
cout<<endl;
int min=-1;
int *pmin=&min;
tree.Max(&pmin);
cout<<endl;
cout<<"最大值:"<<min<<endl;
cout<<endl;
tree.Min(&pmin);
cout<<"最小值:"<<min<<endl;
cout<<endl;
int h=-1;
int *height=&h;
tree.Height(&height);
cout<<"高度:"<<h<<endl;
}

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