4. 序列化

from rest_framework import serializers

# 聲明序列化器，所有的序列化器都要直接或者間接繼承于 Serializer
# 其中，ModelSerializer是Serializer的子類，ModelSerializer在Serializer的基礎上進行了代碼簡化
class StudentSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    """學生信息序列化器"""
    # 1. 需要進行數據轉換的字段
    id = serializers.IntegerField()
    name = serializers.CharField()
    age = serializers.IntegerField()
    sex = serializers.BooleanField()
    description = serializers.CharField()

    # 2. 如果序列化器集成的是ModelSerializer，則需要聲明調用的模型信息

    # 3. 驗證代碼

    # 4. 編寫添加和更新模型的代碼

# Create your views here.
from django.views import View
from students.models import Student
from .serializers import StudentSerializer
from django.http.response import JsonResponse
class StudentsView(View):
    """使用序列化器序列化轉換多個模型數據"""
    def get(self,request):
        # 獲取數據
        student_list = Student.objects.all()

        # 轉換數據[序列化過程]
        # 如果轉換多個模型對象數據，則需要加上many=True
        serializer = StudentSerializer(instance=student_list,many=True)
        print( serializer.data ) # 序列化器轉換后的數據

        # 響應數據給客戶端
        # 返回的json數據，如果是列表，則需要聲明safe=False
        return JsonResponse(serializer.data,safe=False)

class StudentView(View):
    """使用序列化器序列化轉換單個模型數據"""
    def get(self,request,pk):
        # 獲取數據
        student = Student.objects.get(pk=pk)
        # 數據轉換[序列化過程]
        serializer = StudentSerializer(instance=student)
        print(serializer.data)
        # 響應數據
        return JsonResponse(serializer.data)

from django.urls.conf import path,re_path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    path(r"students/",views.StudentsView.as_view()),
    re_path(r"students/(?P<pk>\d+)/",views.StudentView.as_view()),
]

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path("ser/",include("sers.urls")),
 ]