《Operating System Concepts》學(xué)習(xí)第 63 天，p738-p747 總結(jié)，總計(jì) 10 頁。

一、技術(shù)總結(jié)

1.network structure

local-area networks (LAN)、wide-area networks (WAN).

2.communication structure

naming and name resolution、communication protocols。

(1)domain-name system(DNS)

The Internet system for resolving host names to host-ids, in which a distributed information system provides host-name-to-network-address translations for the Internet.

(2)Open Systems Inter-connection (OSI) model

1)physical layer

2)link layer

3)network layer

4)transport layer

5)session layer

6)presentation layer

7)application layer

即七層模型，現(xiàn)實(shí)中這個(gè)模型并未實(shí)現(xiàn)。現(xiàn)實(shí)中使用最廣泛的是“TCP/IP模型(也稱為 Internet model)”。but，直到今天，依然還是記不住這些層次的順序及名稱。

3.ethernet address

即 MAC 地址(media access control address 或 medium access control address， media 是 medium 的復(fù)數(shù)形式)。

二、英語總結(jié)(生詞：3)

1.faculty

(1)faculty: fac-("to do")

c. a special ability to do sth(能力)；the people who teach in a university(教職工)。

(2)示例

For instance, site A might have hosts named program, student, faculty, and cs(《Operating System Concepts》第 738 頁)。

2.canonical

(1)canon

c. a general principle by which sth is judge(準(zhǔn)則，標(biāo)準(zhǔn))。

(2)canonical

ad. according a rule(遵循標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，規(guī)范的)。

(3)示例

"In fact, in the early days of the ARPANET there was a canonical host file that was copied to every system periodically(《Operating System Concepts》第 739 頁)。

3.legacy

(1)legacy: legare("a body of persons sent on a mission(被派去執(zhí)行任務(wù)的一群人)")

c. over time, the sense of "being sent" evolved into "sth handed down"， especially in legal or contexts。sth that remains from an earlier time(遺產(chǎn)，遺留問題)。

每次看到 legacy 這個(gè)單詞總是想到"legal"，然后將其理解成 legal 的名詞形式——“”合法性”，其實(shí)legal 的名詞形式是 legality。當(dāng)然，至所以出現(xiàn)這樣的問題是因?yàn)槲也恢?legality這個(gè)詞然后又不查，這里梳理下，糾正這種錯(cuò)誤的習(xí)慣。

(2)示例

This legacy is still showing itself today, as adding security to existing infrastructure is proving to be difficult and complex(《Operating System Concepts》第 744 頁)。

關(guān)于英語的注解同步更新匯總到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 倉庫。

三、其它

今天沒有什么想說的。

四、參考資料

1. 編程

(1) Abraham Silberschatz，Peter Baer Galvin，Greg Gagne《Operating System Concepts》：https://book.douban.com/subject/30272539/

2. 英語

(1) Etymology Dictionary：https://www.etymonline.com

(2) Cambridge Dictionary：https://dictionary.cambridge.org

歡迎搜索及關(guān)注：編程人(a_codists)