《Operating System Concepts》學(xué)習(xí)第 8 天，p41-p49 總結(jié)，總計(jì) 9 頁。

一、技術(shù)總結(jié)

1.peer-to-peer (P2P)

(1)定義

P2P is A mode of distributed computing in which all nodes act as both clients of other nodes and servers to other nodes.

(2)示例

Napster、Gnutella、Skype。

2.cloud computing

(1)定義

Cloud computing is a type of computing that delivers computing, storage, and even applications as a service across a network.

(2)示例

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (ec2)。

二、英語總結(jié)(生詞：4)

1.breach

(1)breach: breche("break")

c. act of breaking or violating sth, such as rule, agreement, or boundary.

示例：Many homes use firewall to protect their networks from security breaches(《Operating System Concepts》第 41 頁)。

2.hybrid

(1)hybrid: hybrida("crossbreed")

adj. mixing different elements to create sth new or mixed(混合的，雜交的).

示例1：Skype uses a hybrid peer-to-peer approach. It includes a centralized login server, but it also incorporates decentralized peers and allows two peers to communicate(《Operating System Concepts》第 44 頁)。

老是記不住這個(gè)單詞的意思，現(xiàn)在添加一些記憶方法：

hybrid: highly + breed, 例如： liger(lion + tiger，獅虎獸)。

hybrid car(混動(dòng)汽車): Cars which combine electric and gasoline power.

3.prevalent

(1)prevalent: pre-("before, in front of") + valere("have power, be strong")

adj. widespread, existing every commonly(普遍).

示例：Embedded computers are the most prevalent form of computers in existence(《Operating System Concepts》第 45 頁)。

4.manifesto

(1)manifestus: manus("hand") + festus"grasp(to quickly take sth)"

(2)manifesto: manifestus + -o(suffix used in Latin nouns)

"Manifestus" originally conveyed the idea of something being grasped by hand， Over time, the term evolved into "manifesto," which refers to a public declaration of intentions, opinions, or goals—essentially making something clear or evident to others.

c. a written statement that makes ideas clear and visible to the public.

示例：In 1985, Stallman published the GNU Manifesto, which argues that all software should be free(《Operating System Concepts》第 45 頁)。

關(guān)于英語的注解同步更新匯總到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 倉庫。

三、其它

今天沒有什么想說的。

四、參考資料

1. 編程

(1) Abraham Silberschatz，Peter Baer Galvin，Greg Gagne《Operating System Concepts》：https://book.douban.com/subject/30272539/

2. 英語

(1) Etymology Dictionary：https://www.etymonline.com

(2) Cambridge Dictionary：https://dictionary.cambridge.org

歡迎搜索及關(guān)注：編程人(a_codists)