《Operating System Concepts》學(xué)習(xí)第 4 天，p13-p16 總結(jié)，總計(jì) 4 頁。

一、技術(shù)總結(jié)

1.storage

指令只能在 memory 上執(zhí)行，所以要執(zhí)行程序，那么就要加載到內(nèi)存上。

2.primary storage

primary storage 包含下面這些分類：

(1)register

(2)cache

(3)main memory

3.secondary storage

The most common secondary-storage devices are hard-disk drives (HDDs) and nonvolatile memory (NVM) devices, which provide storage for both programs and data.

(1)nonvolatile memory(如：NVM)

(2)HDDs(hard disk drives)

二、英語總結(jié)(生詞：4)

1.tertiary

(1) tertiary: tert-("third")

adj. relating to a third level or stage.

示例：Tertiary storage(三級(jí)存儲(chǔ))——A type of storage that is slower and cheaper than main memory or secondary storage; frequently magnetic tape or optical disk(《Operating System Concepts》glossary G-36)。

2.disparity

(1)disparity: dis-("not") + par-("equal")

c/u. not equal or a difference(差距，差異)。

示例： Caches can be installed to improve performance where a large disparity in access time or transfer rate exists between two components(《Operating System Concepts》第 14 頁)。

3.landscape

(1)landscape: land("land, soil(土壤), territory(領(lǐng)土)") + scape("-ship, shape, condition, state")

c. physical meaning: a large area of land, especially in relation to its appearance. Figurative meaning: The overall view, structure or environment of sth.

示例：On modern computers, from mobile devices to servers, multiprocessor systems now dominate the landscape of computing(《Operating System Concepts》第 16 頁)。

上面這句話使用的就是 landscape 的比喻意義。

4.incur

(1)incur: in-("into") + curtere("to run")

vt. Incur literally means "to run into", implying sth(usually negative) is brought about or bring upone oneself.

示例1：When multiple processors cooperate on a task, a certain amount of overhead is incurred in keeping all the parts working correctly(《Operating System Concepts》第 16 頁)。

示例2："He incurred a fine for speeding." (He brought the fine upon himself by speeding)(他因超速而被罰款)。

關(guān)于英語的注解同步更新匯總到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 倉庫。

三、其它

時(shí)常思考，怎么才能把這些學(xué)的和當(dāng)前工作聯(lián)系起來，學(xué)有所用。從目前的情況看，如果是基礎(chǔ)類的書籍，比較難做到，因?yàn)槟苡玫降闹R(shí)可能就那么一點(diǎn)。如果是應(yīng)用類的書籍，相對(duì)而言比較容易。

四、參考資料

1. 編程

(1) Abraham Silberschatz，Peter Baer Galvin，Greg Gagne《Operating System Concepts》：https://book.douban.com/subject/30272539/

2. 英語

(1) Etymology Dictionary：https://www.etymonline.com

(2) Cambridge Dictionary：https://dictionary.cambridge.org

歡迎搜索及關(guān)注：編程人(a_codists)