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實(shí)現(xiàn)方式一：將具體的search操作放到views

首先，在app下面新建一個(gè)forms.py文件，用于定義表單。創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為"SearchCaseForm"的表單，并定義了一個(gè)名為“case_name”的CharField

from django import forms

class SearchCaseForm(forms.Form):
	case_name = forms.CharField()

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)搜索視圖，它將處理從搜索表單的查詢字符串并返回匹配的對(duì)象。在應(yīng)用程序中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名為“views.py”的新文件，并將以下代碼添加到文件中

from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Post
from .forms import SearchForm

def search(request):
	form = SearchForm(request.GET or None)

	results = []
	if request.method == 'GET' and form.is_valid():
		case_name = form.cleaned_data['case_name']
		results = Post.objects.filter(title__icontns=case_name)

	return render(request, 'search.html', {'form': form, ‘results’: results})

創(chuàng)建搜索模版，需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)名為“search.html”的模板，它將呈現(xiàn)搜索表單和搜索結(jié)果

{% csrf_token %}

{{ form.as_p }}
Search
{% if results %}
Results
{% for result in results %}
{{ result.title }}
{% endfor %}

{% endif %}

實(shí)現(xiàn)方式二：將具體的search操作放到forms中

forms.py

class SearchCaseForm(forms.Form):
    cluster_type = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.ClusterType.objects.all(),
                                     widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'custom-select mb-3'}), required=False)
    cluster_version = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.Version.objects.all(),
                                             widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'custom-select mb-3'}), required=False)
    cluster_repo = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.Repo.objects.all(),
                                     widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'custom-select mb-3'}), required=False)

    def search(self):
        cluster_type = self.cleaned_data["cluster_type"]
        cluster_repo = self.cleaned_data["cluster_repo"]
        cluster_version = self.cleaned_data["cluster_version"]
        logger.info(self.cleaned_data["cluster_version"])
        all_scenio = models.ScenioCase.objects.all()
        # xxx
        return all_scenio

views.py

    def get(self, request):
        form_search_case = forms.SearchCaseForm(request.GET)
        all_scenio = form_search_case.search() if form_search_case.is_valid() else models.ScenioCase.objects.all()
		return render(request, 'search.html', {'form': form_search_case, 'results': all_scenio})

其他小細(xì)節(jié)

1）如何取消表單required
使用required=false

cluster_repo = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.Repo.objects.all(),
                                     widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'custom-select mb-3'}), required=False)

2）下拉框元素
可以直接使用表中數(shù)據(jù)，也可以自定義元素的可選值
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/information/如何在django中為表單創(chuàng)建下拉框？-album

from django import forms

class MyForm(forms.Form):
    my_choices = (
        ('option1', 'Option 1'),
        ('option2', 'Option 2'),
        ('option3', 'Option 3'),
    )
    my_field = forms.ChoiceField(choices=my_choices)

from django import forms
from .models import MyModel

class MyForm(forms.Form):
    my_field = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=MyModel.objects.all())

3）如何對(duì)is_valid做自定義校驗(yàn)
https://c.biancheng.net/view/7973.html
表單系統(tǒng)會(huì)自動(dòng)查找以 clean_ 開頭，以字段名結(jié)尾的方法，它會(huì)在驗(yàn)證字段合法性的過程中被調(diào)用，因此，如果想要自定義校驗(yàn)邏輯，可以按如下方式編寫代碼：

class RegForm(forms.Form):
    name = forms.CharField(label='用戶名')

    def clean_name(self):
        name=self.cleaned_data['name']
        if len(name)<6:
            raise forms.ValidationError("你注冊(cè)的用戶名字符太短了")
        return name

4） 模版：為了豐富表單的格式，可以進(jìn)行以下幾種方式
https://geek-docs.com/django/django-questions/587_django_django_what_is_the_best_way_to_format_forms.html
比如在forms.py定義attrs，定義html的css格式

cluster_repo = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.Repo.objects.all(),
                                     widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'custom-select mb-3'}), required=False)

在templates文件中定義各個(gè)表單元素的格式

<div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                <div class="card">
                    <div class="card-body">
                        <form method="get">
                        {% csrf_token %}

                        <div class="form-row" style="width: 800px">
                            <div class="col">
                                {{ form.cluster_type.label_tag }}{{ form.cluster_type }}
                            </div>
                            <div class="col">
                                {{ form.cluster_repo.label_tag }}{{ form.cluster_repo }}
                            </div>
                            <div class="col">
                                {{ form.cluster_version.label_tag }}{{ form.cluster_version }}
                            </div>
                            <div class="col">
                                <button style="margin-top: 30px" type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Search</button>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        </form>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

效果圖

5）表單文本框增加提示

# forms.py
be_module_config = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control',
                                                        'placeholder': '該case要變更的be配置'}), required=False)


# html
{{ form.be_module_config.label_tag }} {{ form.be_module_config }}

效果如下：

6）multi字段

cluster_type = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(queryset=models.ClusterType.objects.all(), widget=forms.SelectMultiple(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))

來自參考：https://geek-docs.com/django/django-questions/452_django_django_modelmultiplechoicefield_set_initial_values.html