問題

解決：

1.手動安裝了 Windows8.1-KB2919442-x64

2.手動下載 KB2919355

更新成功

Turns out to have been a result of a USB Restriction GPO which locked down permissions to USBSTOR.sys, which KB2919355 has to update, and fails if it can't.  Once we remediated the policy on the machine and restored the correct permissions to the file, the update went through just fine.

https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/28588661/Windows-Server-2012-R2-Update-KB2919355-never-installs.html

參考

Can't find update "Server 2012 R2 Update 1" (KB2919355) in SCCM 2012 R2