NSURLSession與AFNetworking3.0

無

下面是用GET方式請求一個頁面數據的示例：

AFNetworking 2.x

NSString *siteUrl = @"http://webinar.ofweek.com/readDemoFile.action";
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"activity.id":@"9866033",@"user.id":@"2"};

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer];
manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [NSSet setWithObject:@"text/html"];
//    manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes setByAddingObject:@"text/html; charset=GBK"];

[manager GET:siteUrl parameters:parameters
     success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation * _Nonnull operation, id  _Nonnull responseObject) {
         NSLog(@"responseString:%@",operation.responseString);
         
         NSData *responseData = operation.responseData;
         NSStringEncoding enc = CFStringConvertEncodingToNSStringEncoding(kCFStringEncodingGB_18030_2000);
         NSString *strResponseData = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseData encoding:enc];
         NSLog(@"responseData:%@",strResponseData);
         
         NSLog(@"responseObject:%@",responseObject);
     }
     failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation * _Nonnull operation, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
         NSLog(@"failed,%@",error);
     }
];

Code

AFNetworking 3.x

NSString *siteUrl = @"https://www.shopbop.com/actions/viewSearchResultsAction.action";
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"query":@"bag",@"baseIndex":@"80"};

AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];

manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer];

[manager GET:siteUrl parameters:parameters
     success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nonnull task, id  _Nullable responseObject) {
        NSLog(@"success,%@",task.response.MIMEType);

        NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSLog(@"%@", responseString);
    }
     failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nullable task, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
    NSLog(@"failed");
    }
 ];

Code

iOS9中引入了新特性App Transport Security (ATS)，該特性要求App內訪問網站必須使用HTTPS協議。下面的方法簡單的關閉了這個限制：

1. 在Info.plist中添加新項NSAppTransportSecurity，類型為Dictionary。

2. 在NSAppTransportSecurity下添加子項NSAllowsArbitraryLoads，類型為Boolean,值設為YES。

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>

NSURLSession

NSURLSession是iOS7新推出的網絡接口，它與以前的NSURLConnection是并列的。如果用戶強制關閉應用，NSURLSesssion會斷掉。它支持三種類型的任務：加載數據，下載和上傳。

利用NSURLSession進行數據傳輸需要以下流程：

創建一個NSURLSessionConfiguration，用于接下來創建NSSession時需要的工作模式

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];

工作模式分為：

默認會話模式(default) — 工作模式類似于原來的NSURLConnection，使用的是基于磁盤緩存的持久化策略，使用用戶keychain中保存的證書進行認證授權。

瞬時會話模式(ephemeral) — 該模式不適用磁盤保存任何數據。所有和會話相關的caches，證書，cookies等都被保存在RAM中，因此當程序使會話無效，這些緩存的數據就會被自動清空。

后臺會話模式(background) — 該模式在后臺完成上傳和下載，在創建configuration對象的時候需要提供一個NSString類型的ID用于標識完成工作的后臺會話。

NSURLConnection實際上是由一系列組件組成，包括有：NSURLRequest、NSURLResponse、NSURLProtocol、NSURLCache、NSHTTPCookieStorage、NSURLCredentialStorage以及同名的NSURLConnection。

在WWDC2013中，Apple的開發團隊對NSURLConnection進行了重構，并推出了NSURLSession作為替代。NSURLSession的大部分組件與NSURLConnection中的組件相同，不同在處在于它將NSURLConnection替換為NSURLSession和NSURLSessionConfiguration，以及三個NSURLSessionTask的子類：NSURLSessionDataTask、NSURLSessionUploadTask和NSURLSessionDownloadTask。

下面是NSURLSession新推出的類：

NSURLSessionConfiguration類

可以通過該類配置會話的工作模式，三種模式的代碼如下：

+ (NSURLSessionConfiguration *)defaultSessionConfiguration;
+ (NSURLSessionConfiguration *)ephemeralSessionConfiguration;
+ (NSURLSessionConfiguration *)backgroundSessionConfiguration:(NSString *)identifier;

在backgroundSessionConfiguration:方法中的identifier參數指定了會話ID，用于標記后臺的session。

該類還有兩個重要的屬性：

/* allow request to route over cellular. */
@property BOOL allowsCellularAccess;

/* allows background tasks to be scheduled at the discretion of the system for optimal performance. */
@property (getter=isDiscretionary) BOOL discretionary NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 7_0);

allowsCellularAccess屬性指定是否允許使用蜂窩連接，discretionary屬性為YES時表示當程序在后臺運作時由系統自己選擇最佳的網絡連接配置，在使用后臺傳輸數據的時候，建議使用discretionary屬性而不是allowsCellularAccess屬性，因為discretionary屬性會綜合考慮WiFi可用性和電池電量。(當設備有足夠電量時，設備才通過WiFi進行數據傳輸。如果電量低，或者只打開了蜂窩連接，傳輸任務將不會執行)

NSURLSession類

獲取該類的實例有下面幾種方式：

/*
 * The shared session uses the currently set global NSURLCache,
 * NSHTTPCookieStorage and NSURLCredentialStorage objects.
 */
+ (NSURLSession *)sharedSession;

/*
 * Customization of NSURLSession occurs during creation of a new session.
 * If you only need to use the convenience routines with custom
 * configuration options it is not necessary to specify a delegate.
 * If you do specify a delegate, the delegate will be retained until after
 * the delegate has been sent the URLSession:didBecomeInvalidWithError: message.
 */
+ (NSURLSession *)sessionWithConfiguration:(NSURLSessionConfiguration *)configuration;
+ (NSURLSession *)sessionWithConfiguration:(NSURLSessionConfiguration *)configuration delegate:(id <NSURLSessionDelegate>)delegate delegateQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)queue;

第一種方式是使用靜態的sharedSession方法，將返回共享的會話，該會話使用全局的Cache、Cookie和證書。

第二種方式是通過sessionWithConfiguration:方法根據NSURLSessionConfiguration的值創建對應工作模式下的會話。

第三種方式是通過sessionWithConfiguration:delegate:delegateQueue方法創建對象，在第二種方式的基礎上增加了session的委托和委托所處的隊列。當不再需要連接時，可以調用NSURLSession的invalidateAndCancel方法直接關閉，或者調用finishTasksAndInvalidate等待當前Task結束后關閉。這兩種關閉方法都會觸發delegate類的URLSession:didBecomeInvalidWithError:事件。

NSURLSessionTask類

這是一個抽象類，它包含三個子類：NSURLSessionDataTask，NSURLSessionUploadTask和NSURLSessionDownloadTask。這三個類封裝了獲取數據，上傳和下載任務。下面是繼承關系圖：

(1)NSURLSessionDataTask

利用NSURLRequest對象或NSURL對象來創建該類的實例：

/* Creates a data task with the given request.  The request may have a body stream. */
- (NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;

/* Creates a data task to retrieve the contents of the given URL. */
- (NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTaskWithURL:(NSURL *)url;

利用NSURLRequest對象或NSURL對象來創建該類的實例，當任務完成后，通過completionHandler指定回調的代碼塊：

/*
 * data task convenience methods.  These methods create tasks that
 * bypass the normal delegate calls for response and data delivery,
 * and provide a simple cancelable asynchronous interface to receiving
 * data.  Errors will be returned in the NSURLErrorDomain,
 * see <Foundation/NSURLError.h>.  The delegate, if any, will still be
 * called for authentication challenges.
 */
- (NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request completionHandler:(void (^)(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error))completionHandler;
- (NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTaskWithURL:(NSURL *)url completionHandler:(void (^)(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error))completionHandler;

讀取數據示例：

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIActivityIndicatorView *progressCircle;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIWebView *webView;
- (IBAction)loadButtonClicked:(id)sender;

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

- (IBAction)loadButtonClicked:(id)sender {
    // 開始加載數據，開始轉動
    [self.progressCircle startAnimating];
    
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://tech.qq.com/it.htm"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];
    NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request
                                                completionHandler:
                                      ^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
                                          //打印出返回的狀態碼，請求成功返回200
                                          NSHTTPURLResponse *httpResponse = (NSHTTPURLResponse *)response;
                                          NSInteger responseStatusCode = [httpResponse statusCode];
                                          NSLog(@"%ld", (long)responseStatusCode);
                                          
                                          //打印出返回的代碼
                                          NSStringEncoding enc = CFStringConvertEncodingToNSStringEncoding(kCFStringEncodingGB_18030_2000);
                                          NSString *strResponseData = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:enc];
                                          NSLog(@"ResponseData String:%@",strResponseData);
                                          
                                         

                                          // 在UIWebView中加載數據
                                          [self.webView loadData:data
                                                        MIMEType:@"text/html"
                                                textEncodingName :@"utf-8"
                                                         baseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://tech.qq.com"]];
                                          
                                          //加載數據完畢，停止轉動
                                          if ([NSThread isMainThread])
                                          {
                                              [self.progressCircle stopAnimating];
                                          }
                                          else
                                          {
                                              dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                                                  [self.progressCircle stopAnimating];
                                              });
                                          }
                                      }];
    //使用resume方法啟動任務
    [dataTask resume];
}
@end

Code

(2)NSURLSessionUploadTask

利用NSURLRequest對象創建該類的實例，在上傳時指定文件源或數據源

/* Creates an upload task with the given request.  The body of the request will be created from the file referenced by fileURL */
- (NSURLSessionUploadTask *)uploadTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request fromFile:(NSURL *)fileURL;

/* Creates an upload task with the given request.  The body of the request is provided from the bodyData. */
- (NSURLSessionUploadTask *)uploadTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request fromData:(NSData *)bodyData;

/* Creates an upload task with the given request.  The previously set body stream of the request (if any) is ignored and the URLSession:task:needNewBodyStream: delegate will be called when the body payload is required. */
- (NSURLSessionUploadTask *)uploadTaskWithStreamedRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;

同上，當任務完成后，通過completionHandler指定回調的代碼塊：

/*
 * upload convenience method.
 */
- (NSURLSessionUploadTask *)uploadTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request fromFile:(NSURL *)fileURL completionHandler:(void (^)(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error))completionHandler;
- (NSURLSessionUploadTask *)uploadTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request fromData:(NSData *)bodyData completionHandler:(void (^)(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error))completionHandler;

上傳示例：

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface ViewController : UIViewController <NSURLSessionDataDelegate>
@end

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

}

- (IBAction)testClicked:(id)sender {
    NSURL *uploadURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.synchemical.com/temp/UploadImage4.ashx?param2=iphone6"];
    NSString *boundary = @"----------V2ymHFg03ehbqgZCaKO6jy";
    
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:configuration delegate:self delegateQueue:nil];
    
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    NSString *uploadFilePath = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"ad6.png"];
    NSLog(@"file path: %@",uploadFilePath);
    NSString *fileName = [uploadFilePath lastPathComponent];
    
    NSMutableData *mutableData = [NSMutableData data];
    NSData *fileData = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:uploadFilePath];
//    NSData *dataOfFile = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self.imageView.image,1.0);
    
    if (fileData) {
        //Body part for "textContent" parameter. This is a string.
        NSString *textContent = @"This is a parameter string";
        [mutableData appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@\r\n", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [mutableData appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%@\"\r\n\r\n", @"textContent"] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [mutableData appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\r\n", textContent] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        //end
        
        
        [mutableData appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@\r\n", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [mutableData appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition:form-data; name=\"myfile\"; filename=\"%@\"\r\n",fileName] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [mutableData appendData:[@"Content-Type:application/zip\r\n\r\n" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [mutableData appendData:fileData];
        [mutableData appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"\r\n"] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [mutableData appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@--\r\n", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
    }

    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:uploadURL];
    [request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
    NSString *contentType = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"multipart/form-data; boundary=%@",boundary];
    [request setValue:contentType forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
    
    NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [session uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromData:mutableData completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        NSString *message = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSLog(@"message:%@", message);
        
        [session invalidateAndCancel]; //當不再需要連接時,可以調用Session的invalidateAndCancel直接關閉
    }];
    
    [uploadTask resume];
}

- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session task:(NSURLSessionTask *)task didSendBodyData:(int64_t)bytesSent totalBytesSent:(int64_t)totalBytesSent totalBytesExpectedToSend:(int64_t)totalBytesExpectedToSend {
    NSLog(@"already sent:%lld",bytesSent);
    NSLog(@"totoal to send:%lld",totalBytesSent);
    NSLog(@"expected send:%lld",totalBytesExpectedToSend);
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@end

<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="UploadImage" %>
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
public class UploadImage : IHttpHandler
{
    public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) {         
        HttpPostedFile myFile = context.Request.Files["myfile"];
        string strFolder = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(context.Request["folder"]);
        myFile.SaveAs(strFolder +"/uploadFolder/" + myFile.FileName);
        if (!Directory.Exists(strFolder)) 
        {
            Directory.CreateDirectory(strFolder);
        }

        context.Response.Write("param: "+context.Request["textContent"]);
   }
    
    public bool IsReusable {
        get {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

Code

(3)NSURLSessionDownloadTask

利用NSURLRequest對象或NSURL對象來創建該類的實例：

/* Creates a download task with the given request. */
- (NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;

/* Creates a download task to download the contents of the given URL. */
- (NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTaskWithURL:(NSURL *)url;

/* Creates a download task with the resume data.  If the download cannot be successfully resumed, URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError: will be called. */
- (NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTaskWithResumeData:(NSData *)resumeData;

利用NSURLRequest對象或NSURL對象來創建該類的實例，當任務完成后，通過completionHandler指定回調的代碼塊，最后一個方法支持通過之前未下載完成的數據繼續下載

/*
 * download task convenience methods.  When a download successfully
 * completes, the NSURL will point to a file that must be read or
 * copied during the invocation of the completion routine.  The file
 * will be removed automatically.
 */
- (NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTaskWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURL *location, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error))completionHandler;
- (NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTaskWithURL:(NSURL *)url completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURL *location, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error))completionHandler;
- (NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTaskWithResumeData:(NSData *)resumeData completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURL *location, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error))completionHandler;

下載示例：

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController () <NSURLSessionDelegate> {
    NSData *partialData;
}
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSURLSession *session;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIActivityIndicatorView *progressCircle;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIWebView *webView;
- (IBAction)downloadButtonClicked:(id)sender;

@end

@implementation ViewController
- (IBAction)downloadButtonClicked:(id)sender {
    [self.progressCircle startAnimating];
    
    NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.synchemical.com/temp/2800kb.jpg"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
    self.session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:configuration delegate:self delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];

    self.downloadTask = [self.session downloadTaskWithRequest:request];
    [self.downloadTask resume];
}

- (IBAction)resumeButtonClicked:(id)sender {
    // 傳入上次暫停下載返回的數據，就可以恢復下載
    self.downloadTask = [self.session downloadTaskWithResumeData:partialData];
    
    // 開始任務
    [self.downloadTask resume];
    
    // 清空
    partialData = nil;
}

- (IBAction)pauseButtonClicked:(id)sender {
    [self.downloadTask cancelByProducingResumeData:^(NSData *resumeData) {
        partialData = resumeData;
        self.downloadTask = nil;
    }];
}

- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didWriteData:(int64_t)bytesWritten totalBytesWritten:(int64_t)totalBytesWritten totalBytesExpectedToWrite:(int64_t)totalBytesExpectedToWrite {
    NSLog(@"=========下載進度=========");
    // 獲得下載進度
    NSLog(@"totalBytesWritten:%lld",totalBytesWritten);
    NSLog(@"totalBytesExpectedToWrite:%lld",totalBytesExpectedToWrite);
    NSLog(@"download percent:%f",(double)totalBytesWritten / totalBytesExpectedToWrite);
}

- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didFinishDownloadingToURL:(NSURL *)location {
    NSLog(@"finish download");
    //打印出返回的狀態碼，請求成功返回200
    NSHTTPURLResponse *httpResponse = (NSHTTPURLResponse *)downloadTask.response;
    NSInteger responseStatusCode = [httpResponse statusCode];
    NSLog(@"hxw: %ld", (long)responseStatusCode);
    
    //輸出下載文件原來的存放目錄
    NSLog(@"file tmp path: %@", location);
    //設置文件的存放目錄
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    NSURL *documentsURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:documentsPath];
    NSString *filePath = [[downloadTask.response URL] lastPathComponent];
    NSURL *fileURL = [documentsURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:filePath];
    NSLog(@"file save path:%@",fileURL.path);
    //如果路徑下文件已經存在，先將其刪除
    NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    BOOL isDir;
    if ([fileManager fileExistsAtPath:fileURL.path isDirectory:&isDir]) {
        NSLog(@"存在文件");
        if (isDir) {
            NSLog(@"它是個目錄");
        }
        else {
            NSLog(@"它是個普通文件");
        }
        [fileManager removeItemAtURL:fileURL error:nil];
    }
    //移動文件
    BOOL success = [fileManager moveItemAtURL:location toURL:fileURL error:nil];
    if (success)
    {
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            //UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[fileURL path]];
            //self.imageView.image = image;
            //self.imageView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill;
            //在webView中加載圖片文件
            NSURLRequest *showImage_request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:fileURL];
            [self.webView loadRequest:showImage_request];
            
            //下載完畢，停止轉動
            if ([NSThread isMainThread]) {
                [self.progressCircle stopAnimating];
            }
            else {
                dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                    [self.progressCircle stopAnimating];
                });
            }
        });
    }
    else
    {
        NSLog(@"Couldn't copy the downloaded file");
    }
}


- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
@end

Code

posted @ 2016-04-24 18:18 CoderWayne 閱讀(1206) 評論(0) 收藏舉報

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NSURLSession與AFNetworking3.0

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